IAF Tejas Crash in UAE: What Went Wrong at the Dubai Air Show

A tragic incident occurred on 21 November 2025 when an Indian Air Force (IAF) Tejas light combat aircraft crashed during a demonstration at the Dubai Air Show, resulting in the death of the pilot.

Here’s a detailed look at what happened, possible contributing factors, and why this crash could have serious implications for both the IAF and India’s fighter jet program.

1. What Happened During the Crash

The accident took place around 2:10 p.m. local time at Al Maktoum International Airport.

Eyewitnesses reported that the aircraft lost control mid-maneuver before it fell and exploded in a fireball, sending thick black smoke rising from the crash site.

The IAF confirmed that the pilot suffered fatal injuries and announced a court of inquiry to find out the cause.

The crash forced the suspension of flying displays at the air show.

2. Possible Causes: Theories & Early Analysis

While the definitive cause is still under investigation, several leading theories have emerged based on available reports:

a) Loss of Control During High-Risk Maneuver

According to The Defense News, the jet may have lost control during an aerobatic maneuver, possibly a high G-force turn, which is risky in demonstration flights.

Videos shared by witnesses suggest the aircraft was performing a low-altitude roll or turn, which could have exceeded its flight envelope.

Recovering from a negative or inverted-G maneuver at low altitude is notoriously difficult, leaving little room for error.

b) No Oil Leak But Other Technical Issues

Before the crash, some social media claims suggested an oil leak from the Tejas prior to the flight. The Indian government fact-checked and denied these claims.

According to PIB (India’s Press Information Bureau), the fluid seen in videos was actually condensed water from aircraft systems, such as environmental control or oxygen systems not oil.

However, technical sources have pointed to past engine issues in the Tejas fleet. A previous crash in 2024 was linked to engine failure.

While design flaws haven’t been confirmed publicly, technical or maintenance lapses (especially under high-stress demo flight conditions) cannot be ruled out.

c) Pilot-Related Factors

Display flights require pilots to perform demanding maneuvers at low altitude, often leaving very little room for error.

There is a chance of pilot over-rotation or misjudgment, especially when attempting aggressive aerial maneuvers in front of large crowds.

Reports suggest the pilot may not have ejected prior to impact.

The investigation will examine pilot input, aircraft flight data (if available), and possibly cockpit voice recordings to understand human factors.

d) Environmental Conditions

Dubai’s climate can be hot and humid, which may affect aircraft performance, especially during complex aerial routines.

The IAF and HAL will likely consider whether temperature, air density, or weather played a role in reducing lift or affecting control.

3. What This Means for the Tejas Program and IAF

Reputation Risk: The Tejas is a key symbol of India’s aviation capabilities. A crash at a high-profile event raises concerns about its safety and reliability.

Export Implications: Tejas was featured on a global stage at the Air Show; this accident could alarm potential international buyers.

Technical Review: The court of inquiry is crucial. The findings may lead to design reviews, stricter maintenance protocols, or changes in how demo flights are handled.

Training & Safety: This may prompt a reevaluation of how the IAF trains demo pilots for high-risk aerial displays.

4. The Road Ahead: Investigation & Accountability

The IAF has already announced a court of inquiry that will include IAF officials, HAL (the manufacturer), and possibly UAE aviation authorities.

Investigators will likely examine:

• Flight data recorder (FDR) and cockpit voice recorder (if installed)

• Aircraft maintenance logs and recent service history

• Weather and environmental data at the time of the crash

• Pilot training records and prior performance in aerobatic flights

Based on their findings, corrective measures may involve technical updates, pilot retraining, or changes in airshow participation policy.

Conclusion: A High-Stakes Tragedy with Deep Implications

The Tejas crash in the UAE is more than just a tragic accident; it’s a significant event with potential consequences for India’s defense credibility and the future of its Air Force. While a full investigation is underway, the early clues point to a mix of maneuver risk, aerobatic stress, and possibly technical or maintenance issues.

One thing is clear: the Tejas program and the IAF leadership will need answers not just to bring closure to this tragedy, but to reassure the world that India’s indigenous fighter jet can safely compete on a global stage.